#L298n motor driver servo motor arduino full
When the duty cycle is 100%, the pulse is constantly HIGH and the motor receives full power and spins at its rated output speed while a duty cycle of 0% means the pulse signal is constantly LOW therefore no voltage across the motor and the motor will stop rotating. The duty cycle is given in percentage and the higher the duty cycle, the higher the voltage across the motor which also increases the speed of rotation. The voltage applied to the motor determines the speed of rotation of the motor by varying the width of this square wave called a duty cycle. PWM enables us to control the voltage applied to the motor in form of square wave pulses with a certain frequency. These techniques are explained in detail below.
The L298N motor driver controls the speed of rotation of a dc motor using PWM signals and the direction of rotation is determined by an H-bridge. If you want to control the speed of motors, you need to remove the jumpers and connect them to PWM-enabled pins on Arduino. When the jumper is in place, the motor is enabled and spins at maximum speed. These pins usually come covered with jumpers. The Enable pins ENA and ENB are speed control pins for motor A and B respectively. Input pins IN1, IN2, IN3 and IN4 are for controlling the direction of rotation of the motors where IN1 and IN2 control the direction of rotation of motor A while IN3 and IN4 control direction of rotation of motor B. In this case the 5V pin will be used as input as we need to connect it to a 5V power supply in order for the IC to work properly. However if the supply voltage is greater than 12V the jumper should be disconnected to avoid destroying the onboard 5V regulator. If the motor supply voltage to the module is up to 12V, the 5V regulator is enabled so that we can use the 5V pin as output for powering a microcontroller like an Arduino board. This voltage is controlled by either enabling or disabling a jumper.
The driver can drive motors with voltages from 5V to 35V with a peak current of 2A.
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